When atoms and/or electrons are constrained to an atomically flat plane, 2D materials exhibit properties not typically observed in their 3D counterpart, including excellent strength and conductivity.

Photothermal AFM-IR combines atomic force microscopy and infrared spectroscopy to reveal chemical heterogeneity and structural features at the nanoscale.

With Japan ramping up its electronic-warfare spending, the question is how many of the planes the nation will ultimately want ...